चला प्रश्न ओळखा: 
उत्तरे सांगा
(1) आठ लेखा मंडळ – अष्ट प्रधान मंडळ
(२) बहिर्जी नाईक हे या विभागाचे प्रमुख होते
(३) महाराजांनी बांधलेले मालवण जवळील जलदुर्ग – सिंधुदुर्ग
(4) किल्ल्यावर युद्ध साहित्याची व्यवस्था करणे – कारखानीस
(5) जमीन महसूल प्रभारी अधिकारी – अण्णाजी दत्तो
()) पायदळ आणि घोडदळ प्रमुख – सरनोबत
(7) शिवरायांच्या ताफ्याचे प्रमुख – मायाक भंडारी आणि दौलत खान
(8) शिवरायांनी बांधलेले डोंगरी किल्ले – राजगड, प्रतापगड, पावनगड
शिवरायांची लष्करी व्यवस्था
पायदळ, हवालदार जुमलेदार
घोडे, दगडी बांधकाम, बार्ज
टेबल पूर्ण करा
उत्तरे: सांगा
पंतप्रधानांचे नाव – पद – काम
1] मोरो त्र्यंबक पिंगळे
प्राचार्य
प्रदेशाचे व्यवस्थापन आणि व्यवस्थापन करणे.
2] रामचंद्र नीलकंठ मुजुमदार
अमात्य
राज्य खाती पाहणे.
3] अण्णाजी दत्तो
सचिव
सरकारी आदेश तयार करणे.
4] दत्ताजी त्र्यंबक वाकनीस
मंत्री
पत्रव्यवहार हाताळणे.
5]. हंबीरराव मोहिते
कमांडर
सैन्याची व्यवस्था करणे आणि राज्याचे रक्षण करणे.
6] रामचंद्र त्र्यंबक डबीर
सुमंत
परदेशांशी जोडणे.
7] निराजी रावजी
न्यायाधीश
न्याय करणे.
8] मोरेश्वर पंडितराव
पंडितराव
धार्मिक घडामोडी पाहणे.
व्यापाराला चालना देण्यासाठी शिवरात्रीची कारणे
राज्यात नवीन गरजा येतात.
राज्य समृद्ध झाले.
संपत्ती जोडली जाते
मालाची मुबलकता वाढते.
व्यापार वाढतो.
शिवरायांनी बांधलेला जलदुर्ग
सिंधुदुर्ग, पद्मदुर्ग
किल्ल्यांवर शिवरायांनी नेमलेले अधिकारी
कारखानीस
बळकट
सबनीस
महाराजाच्या घोडदळातील प्रसिद्ध सरनोबत
नेतोजी पालकर
प्रतापराव गुजर
हंबीरराव मोहिते
प्रश्न (लहान उत्तरे लिहा.)
(1) शिवरायांच्या घोडदळाच्या रचनेविषयी माहिती लिहा.
उत्तर: (१) शिवरायांच्या सैन्यात, पायदळासह घोडदळ हा एक महत्त्वाचा विभाग होता. (२) घोडदळात अधिकाऱ्यांची पदे होती. ‘सरनोबत’ हा घोडदळातील सर्वोच्च अधिकारी होता. (3) या सैन्यात घोडदळाचे दोन प्रकार होते, शिलेदार आणि बारगीर. (4) दगडी बांधकामाचा स्वतःचा घोडा आणि स्वतःची साधने होती; बारगीरांना सरकारकडून घोडे आणि शस्त्रे मिळत असत. बारगीरांनी शिलेदारांना मागे टाकले.
(२) मध्ययुगात किल्ले महत्त्वाचे का होते?
उत्तर: (१) किल्ला उंच टेकडीवर असल्याने आसपासच्या भागावर नजर ठेवणे शक्य होते. (२) परकीय आक्रमणाच्या वेळी, लोकांना फक्त किल्ल्यांच्या आश्रयाने संरक्षित केले जाऊ शकते. (3) किल्ले अन्नधान्य, युद्धसामुग्री आणि दारुगोळा साठवू शकतात आणि आणीबाणीच्या वेळी उपयुक्त होते. त्यामुळे मध्ययुगात किल्ल्यांना खूप महत्त्व होते.
(3) शिवरायांनी किल्ल्यांची व्यवस्था कशी केली?
उत्तर: शिवरायांनी स्वराज्यात सुमारे 300 किल्ले मोठ्या खर्चाने बांधले आणि दुरुस्त केले होते. अधिकाऱ्याला धान्य आणि युद्धसामग्रीची देखरेख करण्याची जबाबदारी देण्यात आली. किल्लेदार, सबनीस आणि कारखानी यांच्यासारख्या अधिकाऱ्यांची नेमणूक करून किल्ल्यांची चांगली देखभाल केली गेली.
(4) शिवरायांच्या गुप्तहेर खात्याची माहिती लिहा.
उत्तर: शत्रूच्या हालचाली वेळीच माहीत असाव्यात आणि स्वराज्य संरक्षित केले जावे; यासाठी शिवरायांनी गुप्तहेर खाते सुरू केले. या विभागाचे प्रमुख बहिजी नाईक हे शत्रूकडून माहिती काढण्यात पटाईत होते. हे खाते अतिशय कार्यक्षम होते. सुरतच्या मोहिमेपूर्वी बहिजींनी त्या ठिकाणाबद्दल बरीच माहिती आणली होती.
का ते मला सांग
(१) शिवाजी महाराजांनी अष्ट प्रधान मंडळ स्थापन केले.
उत्तर: शिवाजी महाराजांनी स्वराज्य स्थापन केले आणि मोठा प्रदेश मिळवला. (1) या विस्तारित प्रादेशिक बाबी सुरळीत चालवण्याची गरज होती. (२) तसेच, शिवाजी महाराजांनी स्वराज्यातील लोकांच्या कल्याणासाठी अष्ट प्रधान मंडळाची स्थापना केली.
(२) शिवाजी महाराजांनी चिलखत बांधले.
उत्तर: (१) गोव्याचे पोर्तुगीज, जंजिनाचे सिद्दी, सुरतचे इगरा आणि राजापूर हे भारताच्या पश्चिम किनाऱ्यावर वर्चस्व गाजवायचे. (२) या अडथळ्यांवर मात करण्यासाठी आणि स्वराज्याच्या पश्चिम किनाऱ्याचे या शत्रूंपासून रक्षण करण्यासाठी शिवाजी महाराजांनी आपला ताफा वाढवला.
(3) शिवकालीन गावे स्वयंपूर्ण होती.
उत्तर: शिवकाळात गावांचा शेती हा मुख्य व्यवसाय होता. गावातील कारागीर मालाची निर्मिती करायचे. गावात स्थानिक लोकांच्या गरजा पूर्ण केल्या जात असत आणि शेतकरी या कारागिरांना काही शेतीमाल देत असत. अशा प्रकारे शिवकालीन गावे स्वयंपूर्ण झाली.
(४) शिवरायांनी बाहेरच्या प्रदेशातून स्वराज्यात येणाऱ्या मिठावर मोठी जकात लादली.
उत्तर: (१) महाराजांचे धोरण स्वराज्यातील उद्योगांचे संरक्षण करण्याचे होते. (२) पोर्तुगीजांकडून स्वराज्यात मोठ्या प्रमाणात मीठ आयात केल्यामुळे स्थानिक मीठ विक्रीवर विपरित परिणाम झाला. (३) पोर्तुगीजांकडून आयात केलेल्या मीठावर मोठी ड्युटी लावली तर ते अधिक महाग होईल, आयात कमी होईल आणि स्थानिक मीठाची विक्री वाढेल. हे लक्षात घेऊन कोकणातील मीठ उद्योगाचे रक्षण करण्यासाठी शिवरायांनी बाहेरून स्वराज्यात येणाऱ्या मीठावर भारी शुल्क लादले.
प्रश्न तुमच्या स्वतःच्या शब्दात लिहा: (थोडक्यात माहिती लिहा.)
शिवाजी महाराजांचे कृषी धोरण.
उत्तर: शेती हा गावाचा मुख्य व्यवसाय असल्याने शिवाजी महाराजांनी f च्या हितासाठी पुढील कृती करण्याचे ठरवले
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